High Risk Behaviors Effective on Ischemic Heart Diseases in Patients Hospitalized in Urmia University of Medical Sciences.

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: In spite of increased number of cardio vascular patients in the last 40 years, the mortality of these have been decreased. The contributing factors of this reduction amongst the population exposed to morbidity have considered as recognition of risk factors, primary and secondary prevention in this regard. Objective: The present research is a correlational descriptive study which was performed for the purpose of studying high risk behaviors of Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) in patients with Angina pectoris and Myocardial infarction hospitalized in Cardiology and Cardiac care units of educational and Treatment Centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this research the patients were selected in accordance with the aims of the investigation and all were matched from viewpoints of sex, age, job and social as described hereunder: 111 patients with Ischemic heart diseases as the case group and 111 patients with non-cardiac problems as control group hospitalized in Male and Female surgery wards of the above mentioned centers, This sampling method was purposive sampling. The necessary data collected through questionnaires including the following 3 parts: 1. 17 questions about patient’s demographic details such as age, sex, body mass index, educational and marital status, occupation, etc. 2. 18 questions about patient’s Life style. 3. Fifteen questions about the stressful factors affecting the patients. After gathering, the data was processed by computer spss program and statistically analyzed in relation to the aims of the research. The data has been summarized in 50 tables and 4 diagrams. Furthermore, the statistical tests of chi-square and Pierson and score differentiation were calculated in order to determine the correlation between high risk behaviors and IHD. Results: Considering the goals of the research and answers given to the questions and comparing the high risk behaviors in two groups of cardiac and non-cardiac patients, the result show that the most of cardiac patients were male (54.1%) and in (57-68 years) age group. Also the results show that high risk behaviors such as obesity, positive family history of IHD, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, satisfaction from family members, specified time for each meal, feeling stress related to: altercation with by standers, relatives and co-workers, job heaviness and strain, death of an important family member and alteration in sleep patterns, had meaningful relation with Angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. Discussion: Similar to most of the other researches in this field, this study indicates that factors such as living in rural areas, low fat continuity of daily meals and formality have protective rule in being affected by IHD, on contrary, positive family history of IHD, HYPERLIPIDEMIA (high chol & Tri levels) smoking cigarettes, and feeling stress are risk factors of IHD. Also in relation to variables such as education level, consuming, doing exercises, passive smoking and the type of meat used in daily meals, this research isn’t conformable with other researches and perhaps this is because of alliteration and incorrect responding of most of the cases. Recommendations: With recognition of effective variables causing IHD and their protective factors, nurses and other members of health care providing team may suggest some strategies for changing the client’s lifestyle.