Morphologic assessment of condyle and dimensions of glenoid fossa in the Skeletal Angle Classification in the Cone Beam Computed Tomography images in patients reffered to dental faculty of Tabriz medical science university in 2018-2019

Abstract

Introduction:

Optimal position of condyle in the glenoid fossa is one of the important signs of a functional and balanced dental-jaw relationship. Due to the possible relationship between the morphology and function of mandible in a variety of horizontal skeletal relationships, this study was conducted to study the morphology of the condyle and the dimensions of the glenoid fossa and their relation with the skeletal class I, II, III types in CBCT images. Materials and methods: In this descriptive, analytic, and cross-sectional study, the CBCT images of 72 patients were chosen equally from three skeletal subgroups, which were taken between the years 97-98 and were available in the archive of the Tabriz dentistry faculty. Patients were in the age range of 18-60 years. The sampling method was random. Sagittal sections perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the condyle with a thickness of 1 mm and coronal sections parallel to the longitudinal axis of the condyle in the medio lateral dimension with the thickness of 1 mm were examined. Steiner and Mc Namara analysis in the mid sagittal section were used to classify patients based on their horizontal skeletal relationships.The morphology of the condyle was recorded and the dimensions of the glenoid fossa were measured on the radiographs. The condyle morphology in the modified coronal view was classified into four shapes (convex, round, flat and angular) and in the sagittal dimension into four shapes (without osteoarthritis, flat, erosion and osteophyte). For data analysis, the software SPSS 20 and one way variance analysis and Chi square test were used. Results: The most disorders in the right sagittal view was erosion (p=0.402) and in the left sagittal view was flattening (p=0.257). In the right coronal view the predominant shape was convex (p=0.169) and in the left coronal view was also convex (p=0.216). There was no significant difference of glenoid fossa’s depth on the right side (p=0.155). But On the left side the glenoid fossa’s depth was greater in Class II 6.38±1.38 compared to Class I 5.5±0.84 and III 5.95±0.84 (p=0.018). The anterior-posterior length of the glenoid fossa in the right side (p=0.523) and in the left side (p=0.429) was similar between all three classes. Conclusion: The morphology of condyle and dimensions of the glenoid fossa were similar in all horizontal skeletal relationships in Cone Beam Computed Tomography images.