Efficacy of Nursing Intervention Based on Trans-theoretical Model of Change of Smoking Cessation

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Niction, Chemical compound find in tobacco, is an addictive substance. Tobacco use is major avoidable cause of disease and death. From past two decade, health promotion investigation emphasized on diagnosing and testing most effective methods of behavior change. Present investigation was also undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of trans- theoretical model of change on smoking cessation among secondary school teachers in Tabriz by use of nursing intervention. Methods: This investigation was a quasi- experimental research. Participants in this research were 200 male graduate teachers of five educational district in Tabriz city. Subjects were randomly divided to two 100 control and experimental groups. The independent variable was nursing smoking cessation intervention and dependent variables were: Self- efficacy, decisional balance, and smoking behavior. Data collection instruments were: demographic- social and smoking history, smoking behavior, self-efficacy and decisional balance questionnaires. Descriptive and analytical statistic (Dependent and independent t test, x^2 , Mann- Whitney, Friedman, Wilcoxon, Repeated measurers tests) were used for testing the research hypothesis. Results: Results showed 52% of subjects at experimental group were in pre contemplation stage. 69(92%) subjects of experimental group quite smoking completely at the end of follow up course. After nursing smoking cessation intervention mean number of cigarette per day used by experimental group decreased from 12.71 to 6.61 and at the end of follow up course to 2.84. Comparison of self-efficacy in experimental group before intervention and at the end of follow up showed significant increase (t= 15.002 p<0.001). Mean of decisional balance scores in experimental group decreased from 11.2 before intervention to 10.82 after intervention. Then at the end of follow up course increased (13.52) significantly (p<0.001). At the end of follow up, strength had positive relation to decisional balance. Discussion: present study showed, at least one of important constructs (decisional balance, self-efficacy, and change stage) of trans- theoretical model of change is sensitive to change at one of the stages or different times of investigation. Although trans- theoretical change model was useful in designing nursing smoking cessation intervention, but more research is needed for decisional balance construct in diverse cultural groups.