The Rate of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in first Round High School Students at MALEKAN City and its Relationship with Body Mass Index, Academic Self-regulation and Academic Achievement (1397)

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Smoking In addition to causing adverse effects and side effects on the consumer,Causing other people to be exposed to environmental cigarette smoke at home, Workplace or public places and this can cause complications for the person and family of the smoker. Exposure to environmental cigarette smoke increases the risk of premature death from cardiovascular disease and brain disease. According to the World Health Organization Half of the world's children are exposed to environmental cigarette smoke that threatens their health. Some researchers have shown that there is a relationship between inactive cigarette smoke and mental disorders. They found that exposure to cigarette smoke can increase levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which can gradually affect mood, cognition, and behavior. In addition, recurrent ear infections, severe asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, behavioral problems, metabolic syndrome and sudden infant death syndrome can also be mentioned. Given that the number of Iranian students is about 14 million and on the other hand, health professionals are the main proponents of tobacco prevention,Therefore, this study aimed to investigate exposure to environmental cigarette smoke in first grade high school students of Malekan city and its relation with body mass index, academic self-regulation and academic achievement (1397). Methods and Materials: This study was a Descriptive-correlation study. The study population was first grade high school students in Malekan city. Participants included 647 high school students. Random sampling was performed. Data collection tool was a 5 part questionnairewhich measured demographic characteristics, educational attainment of height and weight, exposure to environmental cigarette smoke, and academic self-regulation. Validity of the instrument was formal and reliability of the instrument was assessed by test-retest method. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The average exposure to environmental cigarette smoke in first grade high school students in Malekan city was 0.5 hours in the last 24 hours, 1.2 hours per week, and 406 hours per day. In this study 50.8% of children were exposed to environmental cigarette smoke and 49.2% of children did not. In the current study, 46.2% of participants lived at home with a smoker. Findings of this study showed that there is a significant and inverse relationship between peripheral smoking and academic self-regulation and academic achievement of students (P-value <0.001) andalso, students exposed to environmental cigarette smoke had a higher BMI than non-exposed or less exposed students (P-value <0.001). Conclusion: Given the association between environmental cigarette smoke exposure and academic self-regulation, academic achievement and body mass index are important in keeping children away from it and it is recommended that health and education policy makers and families design and implement basic planning to combat environmental cigarette smoke.