Determinants of sleep quality among the elder residents of Tabriz

Abstract

Background: Sleep is one of the most fundamental needs of humans and especially elderly people which plays key role in the maintenance and preservation of energy and physical well-being. Recently, there is a growing emphasis on elderly sleep quality that can be affected by multiple factors. Getting to know about the elderly sleep quality and its affecting factors can greatly help in adopting adequate measures to its promotion. Therefore, The present study aimed to characterize the prevalence of poor sleep quality and to identify associated factors among community-dwelling elderly individuals in Tabriz. Methods: the present descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years in city of Tabriz, northwest of Iran. The sampling method was randomized and quota. Data collection tools were Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a researcher-made questionnaire, Kessler Psychological Distress Questionnaire, and Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES). Data were collected through face to face interview with the participants. For data analysis, descriptive items and variance analysis were utilized using SPSS software (version 21). Results: according to the findings, 54.4% of elderly people had low sleep quality, while 45.6% had appropriate sleep quality. Among the participants, 49.7 were married and 42.7 were illiterate. There was no significant relation between the groups with sleep disorders and without sleep disorders in terms of gender and both groups were homogenous.In terms of efficacy (81.9%) without impairment, in terms of delayed sleep (48.8%) moderate and in mental quality (43.1%) were severely impaired. There was a significant relation between spiritual and psychological factors with sleep quality Conclusion: The findings indicated that prevalence of improper sleep quality among elderly people is increasing which can cause serious problems. Therefore, identification of sleep quality determinants in elderly people and designing tailor-made interventions based on the beast available evidence could lead to prevention of many pscho-somatic disorders and their quality of life improvement.