Effect ofTio2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties of feldespathicceramics

Abstract

Introduction and aim: Recently researchers are trying to make antibacterial effect on biomaterials by adding metallic nanoparticles such as silver, copper, and gold to them. Antibacterial activity of titanium oxide nanoparticles and their usage in medicine and dentistry are well known. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of adding titanium oxide nanoparticles to feldspathic ceramics on its antibacterial properties. Methods and materials: 70 porcelain discs were made in 7 groups, each consisted of 10 discs. In 3 of the groups, nanoparticles were added to porcelain powder. The amount of nanoparticles was respectively 5%, 10%, and 15% w/w. In the next 3 groups, nanoparticles were added to the glaze liquid. The amount of nanoparticles was respectively 5%, 10%, and 15% w/w. The last group was control group. Growth rate of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa nearby the discs of each group was evaluated. Dissolution of nanoparticles in synthetic saliva was measured. Results: Adding titanium oxide nanoparticles to ceramic discs, resulted in a reduction in the growth of E. coli, S. Mutans, and P. aeruginosa. The more concentration of nanoparticles, the more antibacterial effect was seen. The highest effect was seen on E. coli, when 15% nanoparticles were added to the glaze liquid; 100% reduction in bacteria growth. Adding nanoparticles to ceramic had no effect on E. faecalis. About S. aureus, adding 15% nanoparticles to porcelain powder caused a 75% decrease in bacteria growth, but other concentrations of nanoparticles had no effect on it. Dissolution test showed that by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles and the time of test, the rate of Dissolved nanoparticles increased. Conclusion: Adding titanium oxide nanoparticles to feldspathic ceramics, can decrease the growth rate of different kinds of bacteria especially the cariogenic S. mutans on them. So it can decrease the rate of caries after fixed prosthesis. The more nanoparticle concentration, the more antibacterial effect and dissolution.