Percutaneous drainage with injection of ethanol as sclerosing agent for the treatment of large renal cysts

Abstract

Simple renal cysts are the most common benign kidney mass in adults. These cysts are often asymptomatic and were treated with or without injection of sclerosing materials, open surgery and laparoscopic decoration; and if symptomatic they treated with percutaneous aspiration. Due to the complications of anesthesia and open and laparoscopic surgery, we present a new method using percutaneous aspiration, nephrostomy insertion and injection of sclerosing materials and evaluation of long-term results from sonographic findings. Materials and Methods: From March 2011 to March 2017, patients with symptomatic renal cyst underwent nephrostomy in cyst and fluid drainage in two stages and 1% ethanol injections at a mean follow-up of 6 months. After the initial drainage, the catheter was inserted in the operating room for 4 hours and the patient was transferred to the ward. After that, the amount of secondary effluent was measured and, by a quarter of the amount of the above fluid, 1% ethanol (as a sclerosing agent) was injected into the cyst and the catheter was removed immediately. If there was no sign of recurrence in the postoperative ultrasound examination (cyst size was steady or decreasing), it was considered as a success. Results: 28 patients with simple renal cyst with mean diameter of 90 mm were underwent aspiration and embedded nephrostomy and sclerosing injections, which have 82.14 percent of improvement after 14 months of patient’s follow-up.