Evaluation of antiprolifrative activities of fractions of the most potent Eryngium billardieri extract on cancerous and non- cancerous cells.

Abstract

Introduction: Eryngium billardieri, which belongs to Apiaceae family, has shown different pharmacological effects such as anti diabetic, anti cancer, anti inflamatory and etc. High incidence of breast and melanoma cancer and lack of prior studies on cancer treatment by herbal medicine led us to study cytotoxic effects of E. billardieri. Scope: The current study was assigned to evaluate cytotoxic properties of fractions of the most potent extract from the aerial parts of E. billardieri on cancerous and normal cell lines. Methods: The plants were collected. Then the air-dried powder was Soxhlet-extracted with n-Hexane, Dichloromethane and Methanol solvents, respectively. Afterwards, extracts and fractions were assessed by MTT assay. For this reason MCF7and B16 as cancerous and HFFF as normal cell lines used during 24 and 48 hours. Subsequently, the mechanism of cytotoxicity was analyzed by flow cytometry and then volatile compounds were analyzed by GC-MS. Results: Results indicated that n-Hexane extract of E. billardieri on B16 and MCF7and Dichlromethane extract on MCF7cell lines, illustrated the most significant cytotoxic effect compared with control group, respectively (p <0.0001). Mentioned extracts inhibited the cell proliferation by apoptotic mechanism.The most potent extracts were fractioned. Among them, 80% and 100% fractions on B16 and 80% fraction on MCF7demonstrated the most cytotoxic activities via apoptosis. Most of the identifed compounds were nonterpenoids. Conclusion: n-Hexane extract of E. billardieri on B16 and MCF7cell lines illustrated the most cytotoxic activities; whereas, Dichlromethane extract indicated the most potent effects on MCF7. Furthermore, it is worth to mention that 80% and 100% fractions on B16 and 80% fraction on MCF7had the most cytotoxic effects via apoptotic pathway. Volatile compounds of E. billardieri extracts were identified as non terpenoide compounds via GC-MS method.