The effect of probiotic supplementation in the form of mouthwash with scaling and root planing on the periodontal indeces in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Background: periodontal disease is a chronic microbial infection that non-surgical treatments are recommended to improve it. They are including scaling and root leveling with or without side treatments such as antibiotics as well as mouthwashes. The presence of pathogenic bacteria, the absence of beneficial bacteria, and the susceptibility of the host are the main causes of periodontal diseases. According to the different results on the effects of different probiotic species on oral health, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation in the form of mouthwash with scaling and root planing on the periodontal indeces in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial study, 36 patients referred to Tabriz Dental School in 1398 were studied. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 18 who receive probiotic in treatment group and receive placebo group in the other group in addition to SRP treatment. After SRP, the experimental group used probiotics for twenty days by dissolving two probiotic capsules daily in 250 cc of water and then gargling in the mouth for 30 to 60 seconds with mouthwash to increase its local effect on gum tissue. The control group received only SRP treatment with placebo in the form of pure mouthwash. Periodontal indices were measured at three baseline, one month, and three months. The results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Significance level was considered p<0.05 and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17 software. Results: The mean BOP in the intervention group was 48.95 ± 7.73 which was the highest and three months later in the intervention group it was 19.46 ± 10.97 which was the lowest. There was a significant difference between BOP amounts at different time points in both control and intervention groups, although there was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups. Significant changes in CAL and PI indices had similar status with BOP. At the beginning of the experiment, the mean of PD was 5.78 ± 0.57 in the control group which was the highest and three months later in the intervention group it was reported 4.29 ±0.71 which had the lowest. in the one month after using the mouthwash, the difference was 0.47, which was higher in the control group and was statistically significant (p = 0.031). Also, after 3 months period, the difference between the two groups increased to 0.68 units in the which was higher in the control group and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.006). furthermore, there was a significant difference between PD values at different time points in both control and intervention groups. Conclusion: The present study shows that probiotic supplementation with mouthwash along with scaling and leveling of root surface on periodontal markers in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis accelerates the process of disease treatment and significantly reduces the depth of envelopes.