Breast Cancer Screening Performance and Predictive Factors in Tabriz City Women, 1394

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Breast cancer is a major public health concern among females worldwide. This cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide among women. Despite the usefulness of breast cancer screening in reducing mortality rates, screening rate is low in Iranian females. Regarding the important role of health beliefs, knowledge, fear and fatalism and demographic characteristics of the women and the significance of BSE, CBE and mammography as available methods for early detection of breast cancer, this study investigates the impact of each factor on the performance of screening in Tabriz women. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive- correlation studybased on Champion Health Belief Model, 370 women of 12 health centers of Tabriz referring to health care centers by means of two-steps clustering sample method were selected and Data regarding the performance of breast cancer screening, fear, fatalism, health belief and knowledge, were collected respectively by screening checklist, Pow Fatalism, Champion Fear, Champion Health Belief and knowledge Questionnaires and demographic characteristics form. Data via descriptive statistical analysis by logistic regression were analyzed in SPSS software version 21. Findings: Only 43% and 23% of all the women had done breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE). Among women aged 40 years, 38/2% had mammography history and 2/7% of them had previous yearly mammography record. although fatalism scores mean in women with positive screening function (mammography, BSE and CBE) were more than women without this function but difference among them wasn’t significant (p>0.05); also women with positive function feared from breast cancer more than the group without screening function, but difference between two groups was not significant (p>0.05). Associated with health belief, perceived susceptibility to breast cancer and self-efficacy in Tabriz women was lower than average, but the perceived barriers, perceived benefits and health motives were higher than average. According to the results, 39% of the changes in breast self-examination variable is explained significantly by self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, awareness and perceived barriers. Also 30% of changes in CBE variable is predicted significantly by perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers and self-efficacy, and 37% of the mammography variance was explained by perceived susceptibility, health motivation, self- efficacy and perceived barriers. Age (p< 0.05, OR=1.037, CI=1.066) and economic status (p<0.05, OR= 0.411, CI=0.929) significantly explained the breast self-examination behavior and age (p<0.01, OR=1.051), body mass (p<0.01, OR=0.879, CI= 0.952) and economic status (p<0.01, OR= 0.406, CI=1/048) explained clinical breast examinations screening behavior. Also illiteracy (p<0.05, OR=0.074) and economic status (p<0.05, OR=0.155, CI=0.596) was significantly effective on mammography following by women. The knowledge of the subjects was higher than average. TV programs, college books, family, friends and the Internet, respectively had the highest role in awareness. Discussion and Conclusion: Breast cancer screening behaviors are unsuitable and effected by livelihoods status and health Literacy, so that promote of Health promotion behaviors through proper training and economic support to families is suggested.