Evaluation of antiprolifrative activitiy of extracts of three species of Eryngium genesis on cancerous and non- cancerous cells

Abstract

Introduction: Eryngium belonged to Apiaceae family, have shown different pharmacological effects such as anti diabetic, anti cancer, anti inflamatory and etc. High incidence of breast, pancreatic and melanoma cancer and lack of prior studies on cancer treatment by herbal medicine led us to study on cytotoxic effects of Eryngium billardieri, Eryngium caucasicum and Eryngium thyrsoideum. Objective: In this study, anti proliferative effect of aerial parts of 3 species of Eryngium was studied on cancerous (MCF-7, SW-872 and PANC-1) and normal (HFFF) cell lines. Methods: The plants were collected and the air-dried powder were Soxhlet-extracted with n-Hexane, Dichloromethane and Methanol solvents, respectively. Afterward, the dried extracts subjected to cytotoxic MTT assay in order to find out the anti-proliferative effect. For this reason MCF-7, SW-872 and PANC-1 as cancerous and HFFF as normal cell lines used during 24 and 48 hours. Subsequently, the mechanism of cytotoxicity were analyzed by flow cytometry using annexin V/PI staining method. Results: n-Hexane extracts of E. caucasicum and E. billardieri on SW-872 and PANC-1 and Methanol extract of E. thyrsoideum on MCF-7 cell lines, illustrated the most significant cytotoxic effect, respectively (p <0.0001). Mentioned extracts inhibited the cell proliferation by apoptotic mechanism. Conclusion: n-Hexane extract of E. billardieri and E. caucasicum on PANC-1 and SW-872 cell lines illustrate the most cytotoxic activities; whereas, Methanol extract of E. thyrsoideum indicates the most potent effects on MCF-7. Furthermore, the mechanism of anti-proliferative effects of E.caucasicum and E. thyrsoideum were apoptosis, however, E. billardieri was necrosis. n-Hexane volatile compounds of E. billardieri and E. caucasicum were identified as non terpenoide compounds via GC-MS method.