The Effects of Deep Breathing and Feet off the Gig and Combining them on Intensity of Vein Puncture Pain and Physiological Parameters in School Age Children: A Randomized Control Clinical Trial

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Children undergo painful procedures during care and treatment. relieving its pain by non-pharmaceutical and feasible methods is important. This study aimed to determine the effect of distraction on the intensity of pain in children aged 6-12 years old.

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on the school-age children, who referred to Imam Hossein Hospital, Iran, Tabriz, Heris in 2017. In total 64 patients were selected through available sampling technique and were randomly divided in to 4 groups of 16 cases. In all 4 groups, pain was measured using the OUCHER self-report scale, heart rate and oxygen saturation 3 minute before and after the venipuncture were measured and recorded. One minute before venipuncture, distraction was done so that in the "deep breathing with blowing paper whirligigs" groups after spinning the paper whirligigs and exhalation, in the "deep breathing" groups after exhalation, numbers were counted up to 10 spins or 10 breaths, in the "blowing paper whirligigs" groups after spinning the paper whirligigs, numbers were counted up to 10 spins, venipuncture was completed before the count was completed. In the control group, no intervention was performed. The data analysis was performed in the SPSS version 13 using the descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA test.

Results: The results of ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of changes in pain severity (P = 0.43) and changes in blood oxygen saturation (P = 0.67) before intervention, but after intervention, this difference Was significant (P = 0.00). While heart rate changes, before (P = 0.76) and later (P = 0.30), were not significantly affected by intervention.

Conclusion: The findings showed that all three intervention methods are effective on the intensity of venipuncture pain and oxygen saturation, but they have no effect on heart rate. In the intensity of pain, deep breathing is more effective than the other two methods of intervention and in oxygen saturation; both deep breathing and hyperventilation were more effective than the combined method.