Study the genetic diversity of wheat landraces from northwest of Iran based on ISSR molecular markers

Abstract

Genetic diversity of wheat cultivars is very important in reducing genetic vulnerability during plant breeding efforts. In order to estimate the genetic diversity, molecular markers provided excellent tools. In this study Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to determine the genetic diversity of 39 bread wheat accessions, including 33 wheat landraces and 6 wheat cultivars from northwest of Iran. Out of 129 amplified scored bands, 106 (82.2%) were polymorphic. Average of amplified and polymorphic bands per primer was calculated as 11.7 and 9.6, respectively. Results indicated high level of polymorphism of wheat landraces based on these markers in contrast to other markers. Cluster analysis suggested that, ISSR markers were efficient tools for estimating intra-specific genetic diversity in wheat and this molecular marker could differentiate the local varieties obtained from different locations. Also the majority of landraces from same geographic region belonged to the same group and this confirmed that ISSR marker could be efficient tool in cultivar identification.