Evaluation of the Effect of Low-level Laser on Biomaterials Used in Maxillary Sinus Grafts Histological and Radiologic Examinations: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: One of the techniques suggested for the provision of adequate bone in the maxillary sinus area for placement of endosteal implants with a standard length is to use the sinus lift surgical technique along with autogenous bone graft or bone substitute materials. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the effect of low-level laser on graft materials used for augmentation of the maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods: In the present randomized clinical trial with a split-mouth design, 19 patients aged 30-80 years were evaluated. All the subjects underwent a bimaxillary sinus lift surgical procedure. In the control group, freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) allograft materials were used; in the case group, in addition to the materials mentioned above, low-level 980-nm diode laser beams were applied. Six months after surgery, the density of bone in the augmented area was determined with the cone-beam computed tomography technique. Results: The results showed that the percentages of bone formed in the control and case groups were 20.10 آ± 5.67% and 36.26 آ± 11.26%, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the means of connective tissue between the two groups (P = 0.612). The Hounsfield unit exhibited a significant difference in relation to mean bone density within the graft material between the two groups (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Low-level 980-nm diode laser beams can improve the results of treatment rendered with the use of FDBA and PRF.