Acyclovir and propolis: Which have a best anti HSV-1 effect?

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a neurotropic virus, commonly infects the skin and mucous membranes, and remains latent before erupting in response to different stimuli. HSV 1 is a pathogen of children and adults responsible for several disorders. Nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir and penciclovir are some drugs approved for the treatment of Herpes simplex virus. Nevertheless, these agents may cause a variety of toxic side effects, and viral strains resistant. Consequently, there is an increasing need for the discovery of,more specific antiviral agents effective against the herpes simplex virus.In this laboratory experimental study, Various concentrations of propolis mouthwash (2/1? 4/1? 8/1 were added to cell monolayers. In order to investigate mouthwash antiviral effect and find out its inhibitory function, once before the entry of the virus into the cells (first method) and in the next step one hour after the addition of virus to cells (second method) during given times was added to the medium. Various concentrations of propolis at times 0/5, 1, 5 min (3, 5) with PFU/ml, 50 viruses were exposed and then were transferred to containers 96 cavities containing cell monolayer. In order to investigate the effect of drug type,one way ANOVA variance analysis statistical was used. In next step two-way ANOVA variance analysis statistical test was used to evaluate the effect of drug type with the study of the effect of concentration and time. (A) Before the entry of the virus into the cell: The greatest virus titer in the solution containing propolis is related to the concentration of 1.8 and for 1 minute, the solution containing acyclovir at times 0.5 and 1 min. (B) After the entry of the virus into the cell: The greatest virus titer in solutions containing propolis is related to the concentration of 1.4 and at 0.5 min, and in the solution containing acyclovir at 0.5 and 1 min. The role of propolis is prevention of virus entrance to intracell, interaction with vero cell membrance, convertion of viral envelope, or direct on free virions of HSV.