The Standardization of Victoria Stroop Color-Word Test among Iranian Bilingual Adolescents

Abstract

Background: The Stroop Color-Word Test is a classic instrument for the assessment of selective attention and inhibition control and is a highly utilized instrument in research aspects of executive functions of the brain: The purpose of the present study was a preliminary standardization of Stroop test among Iranian bilingual adolescents. Methods: In this Study, 150 subjects, including three groups of adolescents (12 - 13, 14 - 15, and 16 - 17-year-olds) were randomly selected. Also, 30 subjects with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were selected for the study of differential validity. The instruments of this study were Victoria Stroop Color-Word Test and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: Correlation coeffecients by test-retest in Stroop test for reaction times of three cards and reaction time interference were 0.86, 0.86, 0.93, and 0.64; and'for errors of three cards and error interference were 0.67, 0.37, 0.81, and 0.75 respectively. All of the corellations were significant. Differential validity by comparing ADHD and control group showed that there were significant differences among groups. The results of age effect in Stroop variables showed that there were significant differences between age groups in reaction time of all cards and error of the first and third cards; but sex did not show any significant effect on Stoop variables. Conclusion: The findings suggest that reaction time and error of almost all cards of Stroop test are reliable-and also have a good differential validity to discriminate ADHD from healthy controls in Iranian bilingual adolescents. Based on our findings, age but not sex is influential on performance of Stroop test.