Active Tactile Sensibility of Single-Tooth Implants versus Natural Dentition: A Split-Mouth Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

BackgroundUnlike passive sensitivity of implants/teeth that is assessed more, only three controversial studies have compared active tactile sensibility (ATS) of implants and teeth. PurposeWe aimed to explore the difference between the ATS of teeth and single-tooth implants. MethodsThe ATS of single-tooth implants and contralateral teeth was measured in 25 patients after they bit on gold and placebo foils 0- to 70-m thick, each for five times, in a random order blinded to patients and assessor, carried out at two sessions. Based on the experimental range of 0m (mock trials) to 70m, the sigmoid shape of psychometric curve was estimated to locate the 50% values as the ATS thresholds for each tooth or implant. ATS Data were analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests and multiple linear regression (=0.05, 0.1). Also, equivalence testing approach was used to assess semi-objectively the clinical significance. ResultsAverage ATS values for teeth and implants were 21.46.55m and 30.0 +/- 7.55m, respectively (p=.0001 [paired t-test]). None of the geometric characteristics of implants nor duration of implant in function were correlated with the ATS (p>.4 [regression]). Age was positively associated with the ATS of both implants and teeth (p.019 [regression]). Tooth ATS (but not implant ATS) was significantly higher in males compared with females (p=.050 [unpaired t-test]), which contributed to a generalizable tooth-implant difference higher than 8-m clinical equivalence margin in females. The ATS was not significantly different between arches or between anterior/posterior regions (p>.6). ConclusionThere was a slight but statistically significant difference between implant and tooth tactile sensitivities.