Clinical and metabolic changes after subgingival insertion of xanthan-based chlorhexidin gel in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis

Abstract

There is a two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. Periodontitis is more prevalent among diabetic patientsE than non-diabetic people and periodontal therapy inuences glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus. Aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and metabolical effects of a xanthan-based chlorhexidine (Xan-CHX) gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of type II diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis Method and materials: A comparative clinical study was performed between used and not used Xan-based in type 2 diabetics with chronic periodontitis patients. The study period was six months. Conventional periodontal scaling and root planing were performed, and the response to this treatment was compared between the groups at three and six months, measuring the HbA1c, FBS, plaque index, bleeding index, clinical attachment level and probing depth. Thirty-Four diabetic patients with moderate to severe periodontitis were selected. Participants were taking stable doses of medications, had HbA1c 6% and untreated periodontitis. The treatment group (n=17) received scaling and root planing plus xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel. The control group (n=17) received single scaling and root planing. We used Descriptive statistics, repeated measurement of ANOVA, independent samples t-test, SPSS.15 and p value was lower than 0.05. Results: At 6 months, the periodontal therapy with chlorhexidine gel decreased HbA1c 1.66 0.99 compared to the control group 0.9 0.65, with no significant difference between groups. Probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing improved in the treatment and control group at six months. Level of parameters after 6 months of treatment in test group were: 1.66 units, 26 units, 0.87mm and 2.03mm for HbA1c, FBS, CAL and PD respectively, with no significant difference between groups, but reduction amounts were higher than control group Conclusion With this study, we conclude that there is a definite reduction in HbA1c level in diabetic patients after conventional non-surgical periodontal treatment. The results suggest that the application of xanthan based chlorhexidine gel following SRP might be beneficial in treatment of the chronic periodontitis in comparison to SRP alone. Greater improvements may be achieved when antimicrobial agents are used following SRP.