The effect of a new enzyme based solution with ethylene diamin tetraacetic acid to remove smear layer

Abstract

Root Canal irrigation plays an important role in the debridement and desinfection of the root canal system and is an integral part of root canal preparative procedures. The most frequently used irrigants is sodium hypochlorite.But it has been shown that sodium hypochlorite has toxic effects on vital tissues and several mishaps during root canal irrigation have been described ,So an equally effective but safer irrigant is desirable. Therefore the present study evaluates the effectiveness of an enzyme- based solution in the removal of smear layer. Materials and Methods: Thirty six extracted maxillary single rooted non-carious anterior teeth were used for this study. The teeth were devided randomly into 4 groups (2 control groups containing 6 teeth and 2 study groups containing 12 teeth). After preparing access cavity, Each canal was instrumented using crown down manner and gates gliden and rotary Race files. Normal saline was used as an irrigant in 6 root canals as positive samples. In 6 root canals as Negative samples, 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite was used for irrigation and 17% EDTA as a final solution. In study groups enzyme-based solution containing 1% and 0.1% papain was used for irrigation. Then teeth were prepared for SEM analysis ( 500, 1000) to evaluate the cleaning of the coronal , middle and apical third radicular dentin by determinig the presence or absence of smear layer and debries, at the basis of Hulsmann method. The data was statiscally analyzed using the Kruscal Wallis and U- Mann-Whitney t test. Results: At the coronal third there was no significant difference between sodium hypochlorite and papain 0.1% and 1% (P>0.05), and all of them were efficient in the removal of smear layer and debries than normal saline(p=0.00) but in the middle third there was no significant differences between groups (P>0.05). in the apical third there was no differences between sodium hypochlorite and 1% papain (P>0.05). Conclusion: An enzyme based solution (1% papain) can be equally efficient with sodium hypochlorite in the removal of smear layer.