The effect of 5-fluorouracil alone and in combination with 13-cis retinoic acid and vitamin D3 on oral squamous carsinoma cell lines

Abstract

Squmous cell carcinoma forms about 90 percent of oral malignancy and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Chemotherapy which is used for treating this carcinoma in advanced stages, is systemic therapy which developes by destroying carcinogenic cells, and controls tumor metastasis. There are 50 type different chemotherapy which some of them are used separately but mostly several drugs are used together. Chemotherapy in some cases encounters with limitations and for patients in advanced stages, surgery and radiotherapy have been introduced as golden standard for treating scc. Considering positive effects of retinoid and vitamin D3 derivatives in treating some carcinomas including scc, our purpose is to study the effect of complex drug 5-fluoro racil, retinoid and vitamin D3 on cultured squmous cell carcinoma in experimental environment. Procedure: We used MTT assay method to study preventing effect of drugs on cell proliferation in medium, and Tunel method to study oppoptose induction in cultured cells. Results: Considering the amount proliferation of control group was 2.6 the amount of proliferation preventing by drugs is following. 0.427 5Fu , RA 0.835 50 5Fu 0.796 5Fu , vit D3 0.821 5 RA 0.723 5Fu , vitD3 1.850 20 vi+D3 0.001 P < Rate of apoptosis induced by drugs 62% 5Fu , RA 0.35 5Fu 60% 5Fu , vit D3 50% RA 87 5Fu , vitD3 , RA 45% vitD3 0.001 P < Findings and conclusion: 5-fluoro racil and retinoic acid complex had more proliferation preventing effect than 5-fluororacil in separate or combined form. Therefore, in order to reduce cell proliferation, 5 FU and RA application is the best complex. In the case of oppoptose, bicomplex of drugs has more effect than application of drugs separately, and triple complex of them has more effect than bicomplex drugs. This indicates synergic effect of drugs in oppoptose induction.