Histologic comparison of biocompatibility of MTA and CEM cement in the femur bone of rat

Abstract

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is one of the popular cements in the dentistry which has many properties of an ideal material for several endodontic treatments. MTA gives a better perforation repair and root end filling than other agents, however long setting time and difficult manipulation are its disadvantages. Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) was introduced by Asgari in 2006 and demonstrates acceptable results in several studies. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare tissue response and bone reaction of rat between CEM Cement and MTA contact. Materials and Methods: a total of 63 mature and healthy rats between 250-300 gr in weight were studied. After anesthesia, 1 mm in width and depth holes in both femur bones of rats were prepared by surgical operation and MTA and CEM Cement were placed in the left and right holes, respectively and surgical sites were sutured. Samples were divided into Three groups randomly. Samples were sacrificed after one week in the first group, four weeks in the second group and eight weeks in the third group and the operated sites were examined histologically. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS 15.0 using a PearsonEs chi-square test. Significance was predetermined at P < 0.05. Results: All the three groups of one, four and eight weeks in the both agents showed the same bone reaction and inflammation and the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Both MTA and CEM Cement have the ability of the least inflammation and most hard tissue regeneration. CEM Cement shows biological effects similar to MTA and could be an appropriate substitute. However, more studies are required to confirm these results.