Evaluation of the reasons for lower facial fracture based on age and sex in patients reffered to Emam Reza Hospital, Tabriz , Iran-1392-93

Abstract

Trauma is a major cause of death. Physical trauma is the most common type. Facial area is prone to injuries of soft tissue, teeth, and skeletal components. Etiologic factors, including car accidents, interpersonal violence, falling, sport-related accidents, and occupational accidents, vary due to socioeconomic and behavioral differences in each area. Materials & Methods: In order to clarify etiologic factors based on sex and age in Emam Reza hospital, Tabriz-Iran in 1392-93 a cross sectional descriptive study was conducted. Age, sex, fracture site, and cause were extracted from 250 documents of related patients. Data were analyzed with ki-square in SPSS.21. Results: 32% of patients were in the 21-30 age group and 10.2% were in the 5th decade of life. Most fractures were taken place in the subcondylar area (38.28%). Causes of trauma were 53.9% accidents, 24.2% falling, 4.7% IPV, 11.7% blunt trauma, and 4.7% sport-related accidents. In males and females accidents, falling, and blunt trauma were the 3 major causes of fracture. In females there was no report of IPV and sport-related accidents. In all age groups accidents and falling were major etiologic factors except for blunt trauma being the 2nd major cause of fracture under 20 year-old. Sport-related accidents occurred only in patients under 30. Conclusion: most fractures take place in males of 3rd decade and in the sub condylar area. Accidents are the major cause of mandibular fractures. Most patients had more than one fracture in the facial area.