Evaluation of the induction effect of IL-4 on monocytes in the expression of integrin B5 surface factor

Abstract

The role of interlukin-4 (IL-4) in the monocyte to multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) development pathway is now well established. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the induction effects of IL-4 on the expression of the 5 integrin in the peripheral blood samples of patients with giant cell granuloma. Methods: Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood samples of patients with giant cell granuloma and healthy controls and by using of human Monocyte Isolation Kit II. Isolated monocytes are then cultured for 5 day in the absence or presence of IL-4 (10 and 20 ng/mL) and the following RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the Real time PCR was done to evaluate the expression levels of 5 integrin. Multinucleated giant cell formation (MGC) and morphology was observed under light microscopy. For confirmation of MGC formation, immunocytochemistry technique was conducted by anti-RANKL antibody. Results: In both patient and control groups, the expression levels of ITG 5 were significantly increased by elevation in the IL-4 doses from 10 to 20 ng/mL. In addition, these differences were significant between patient and control groups without IL-4 treatment. On the other hand, in immunohistochemistry evaluation the number of cells which expressed RNAK and therefore giant cells were significantly higher in patient groups in comparison with control. Conclusions: The results showed an elevation in the expression levels of 5 integrin which is stimulated by IL-4. It is strongly indicated that this integrin 5 act as an important mediator during macrophage fusion and development of the giant cells.