clinical evaluation of menstrual cycle effects on periodontal health

Abstract

Fluctuation in steroid sex hormone is also noticeable through womens menstrual cycle. Gingival changes correlated with increasing levels of female hormones in some situations like puberty ,pregnancy ,menstrual cycle are similar and the difference is in severity of the changes.The cause of these changes are fluctuation in strogen / progesterone levels, although in some cases there are a history of ovaries problems. As a rule ,gingival tissue during menstrual cycle has a noticeable changes. Although, some women arenEt aware of gingival changes in menstrual cycle but some women complain from these changes. The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of menstrual cycle on periodontal health in dentistry students of tabriz university in 209-2010. Material and methods: In this longitudinal,prespective study ,the women periodontal health prior to menopause and different times of menstrual cycle (ovulation,premenstruation and menstruation) are examined. 35 students of tabriz dentistry faculty were selected and visited at 3 or 4 times in a year and gingival recession (GR),Clinical attachment level(CAL),plaque index(PI), gingival index(GI) and probing depth(PD) at 3 phase were examined. Analyzing data was performed by paired T- test and Spss. 16 software program. Result: Plaque index(PI)in ovulation, menstruation and premenstruation days didn't have any significant increase in comparison with prior of study .(P ovulation=0/256) (P menstruation=0/113) (P premenstruation=0/326). Gingival index(GI) in all phases,that is ovulation , menstruation and premenstruation had significantly elevated in comparison with prior of study. (P ovulation=0/001) , (P premenstruation=0/012) , (P premenstruation=0/001). According to the result,gingival recession significantly increased in ovulation,but the difference between gingival recession in menstruation and premenstruation in comparison with prior of study was not significant. (Povulation=0/256) , (P premenstruation=0/161) , (P menstruation=0/001). Clinical attachment level in duration of ovulation, premenstruation and menstruationhad a significantly increased. (P menstruation=0/001) ,(P ovulation=0 /001), (P premenstruation=0/009).Probing depth in ovulation and menstruation had significantly increased but data results in premenstruation were not significant. (P ovulation=0/001),(P premenstruation=0/256),(P menstruation=0/001) Conclusion: According to above results periodontal health is decreased during menstrual cycle and hence special program should be prepared for improving the knowledge of women.