Apoptosis Induction and Cell Viability Effects of Hydroalcohlic Grape Seed Extract on Squamous Cell Carcinoma KB Cell Line

Abstract

Development of novel therapeutic modalities is crucial for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Recent scientific studies focused on herbal medicines as potent anti-cancer drug candidates. This study is the first to investigate the cytotoxic effects and the mechanism of cell death induced by grape seed extract (GSE) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (KB cells). Marerial & Methods: MTT (3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and trypan blue assays were performed in KB cells as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to analyze the cytotoxic activity of GSE. Furthermore, the apoptosis-inducing action of the extract was determined by TUNEL, DNA fragmentation and cell death analysis. Statistical significance was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by DuncanEs test at a significance level of P0.05. Result & Conclusion: The results showed apoptotic potential of hydromethanolic GSE, confirmed by significantly inhibition of cell growth and viability in a dose- and time- dependent manner without inducing damage to non-cancerous cell line HUVEC. In addition, cell death assay, TUNEL, and DNA fragmentation indicated induction of apoptosis by GSE in KB cells. The results of this study suggest that this plant contains potential bioactive compound(s) for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.