Analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism in codon 72 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma from Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the oral cavity, and several etiologic factors are involved in its developing. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the P53 gene codon 72 has the ability to change the structure of the protein and effect its activity. The prevalence of P53c72 different genotypes, which seems to be related to race and geographic locations, has been reported to show a strong correlation with many types of human cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between this polymorphism and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples in the Gilan Province in northern Iran. Methods and Materials: This case-control study was done on 55 paraffin-embedded samples from OSCC patients and 100 samples of non-dysplastic lesions of the oral cavity. The genotypes were determined by using the ARMS-PCR method. SPSS 15 software was used for statistical analysis Findings: There were no significant statistical differences between the prevalence of different P53 codon 72 genotypes in the OSCC group vs. the control. However, the Pro/Pro genotype in OSCC samples reveald a strong correlation with age, as 70% of such patients were below 50 years old. Interestingly, a large portion (40%) of the patients with the Pro/Pro genotype had the tumor in the lip area. Conclusion: Although P53 codon 72 polymorphism does not appear to be a predisposing factor for OSCC in Northern Iran population, the Pro/Pro genotype could be considered as a risk factor for OSCC in adults below 50 years old and the anatomical location of the tumor also.