A systematic review of scorpionism in world, by emphasize on clinical manifestaions, treatment and control

Abstract

Scorpions belong to arthropoda and arachnida. The poisonous system of scorpions is located at the end of the tail and consists of two poisonous glands that are placed in a thick chitinous cover. This coating forms a sharp sting at the end. Scorpion stings are one of the major medical problems in central and eastern America, the Middle East, Africa and South Asia. Methods: This research was a systemic review study using keywords such as Scorpion, Scorpionism, Scorpion, in scientific databases Pub Med, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar search engine and specialized magazines and books and gray sources search and download done. In this review, the PRISMA checklist was used, which includes how to find articles, screening, obtaining related articles, and summarizing articles. Results: 20 families, 208 genera and 2231 species of scorpions have been identified in the world. About 50 species have medical importance. In the world, 1,500,000 scorpion stings occur every year, and about 3,250 cases lead to death. In Iran, there are 68 species, 19 genera and four families named Scorpionidae, Buthidae, Scorpiidae and Diplocentridae, of which there are 13 important stinging species, two families and eight genera. In Iran, 50,000 cases of scorpion stings occur every year, of which about 50 cases lead to death.