Study of Obesity in History of Medicine

Abstract

Obesity has historically been seen as a sign of wealth and sociable privilege, as can be inferred from studying the ancient works. We aimed to report the causes, diagnostic approaches, and treatment among authentic and available books of traditional Iranian medicine. Obesity was often seen as an indicator of complete health. Obesity in healthy woman was a requirement for beauty, based on descriptions about woman from the Zoroaster period and from antiquity to the late Qajar period. This point of view existed during various ages. However, after the constitutional period the view of obesity changed into that of an illness, due to modern ideas and offshore role models, especially during the Pahlavi era. This change led to serious attempts to treat obesity. Obesity is a critical problem that needs immediate attention to prevent substantial health consequences. Different medical paradigms have always presented their criteria and foundations throughout history. The emphasis of Iranian alternative medicine was on prevention and the maintenance of health, with the next step being treatment. Prevention, treatment, consuming medicinal plants, and recovery have been often written about int he traditional books of medicine. Throughout the traditional Iranian medical texts, physicians have made recommendations about maintaining an appropriate body weight. The best treatment was prevention and a healthy lifestyle. The treatments for controlling and restricting obesity included paying attention to nourishment, mobility, and even the habitat.