Investigation of the Effect of Probiotic Supplement vs Placebo on the Anthropometric Indices, Lipid Profile, and Serum Concentrations of adipokines in elderlies with Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular Risk

Abstract

Recently, the use of probiotics to improve the metabolic profile has received much attention. This study aimed to determine the effect of multi-strain probiotic supplementation for 16 weeks compared to placebo in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes with high cardiovascular risk. Methods: The present study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial on 85 elderlies with type 2 diabetes. The participants were assigned to two probiotic and placebo groups and treated with one multi-strain probiotic capsule containing high amounts of 12 probiotic bacteria strains, with fructooligosaccharide as a prebiotic or one placebo capsule per day for 16 weeks. They were placed in the week. Before and after the intervention of anthropometric indices, fasting serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and serum levels of adipokines (chemerin and resistin) were measured. Blood samples were taken from patients before and after the study to check serum indicators. Results: The average age of the sample of this research was 70.15 years. Statistical test of analysis of variance in repeated measurements showed that the difference in average weight at 4 different times measured between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). According to the obtained results, it was observed that the difference between the mean serum levels of triglyceride, LDL, and total cholesterol before and after the intervention between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001), but according to P=0.658 for HDL serum level, this difference was not significant. Statistical test of analysis of variance in repeated measurements showed that the difference in the mean serum levels of chemerin and resistin at 2 different times measured was statistically significant (P<0.001). Also, according to the value of P<0.001, it was observed that the mean serum level of chemerin and resistin was significantly different in the intervention and control groups.