Evaluation of factors affecting extra-corporeal shock wave results in children

Abstract

Urinary tract stones are one of the most uncomfortable diseases. Their prevalence is more in men than in women. Revolutionary advances in minimally invasive and non-invasive treatments for stones have been made during the past two decades, which has made it easier to remove stones. Treatment of kidney stones in children has always been associated with challenges. On the one hand, due to the small size of children, the transfer of waves to the stone is easier, and on the other hand, the small diameter of the ureter can make it difficult to dispose of stone fragments created in ESWL. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effective factors in stone crushing in children. Materials and methods: In this study, all children under 13 years of age who underwent ESWL in the last 5 years in Tabriz Imam Reza Hospital and Behboh Hospital were included in the study. Then the required information was extracted from their stone crushing file. This information includes the patient's demographic characteristics, stone characteristics and tests, and the patient's previous stone crushing and surgery records. Then they were contacted and asked for final information regarding the need for surgical or other treatments for stones and the occurrence of complications. The absence of stones in the follow-up was considered as stone free and the residual stone less than 4 mm as insignificant. Finally, the obtained information was analyzed using SPSS software and the relationship of different variables with the failure of ESWL treatment and the occurrence of complications was evaluated. Findings: The results showed that the age of the child was related to the failure of treatment and the incidence of ESWL complications. The gender of the child was not related to the failure of treatment and the incidence of ESWL complications. The stone size was related to the failure of treatment and the incidence of ESWL complications. Stone location was not related to treatment failure and ESWL complications. Stone number was not related to treatment failure and ESWL complications. Number of shocks given was not related to treatment failure and ESWL complications. The amount of crushing energy was not related to treatment failure and ESWL complications.