Evaluation of biodegradability and biocompatibility of surgical hemostat sponge containing aloe vera nanoparticles in rat animal model

Abstract

Introduction: Bleeding control in the first hours and minutes of any surgery is essential for doctors and dentists. A variety of hemostat materials have been provided to accelerate blood clotting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility and biodegradability of a new surgical hemostat sponge containing aloe vera nanoparticles in the rat animal model. Materials and methods: For this purpose, 12 adult Wistar rats were purchased for this research. The animals were randomly divided into two groups of 6, test and control, and each group was divided into 3 subgroups of 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days. In order to implant gelatin sponge, the animals were anesthetized with drugs (xylazine and ketamine) and a 100 mg piece of gelatin sponge was placed under the skin at the cut site. In the control group of rats, only the skin was cut and sutured. After the specified number of days, the rats were anesthetized, and in addition to blood sampling, a tissue sample was taken from the animal's surgical site and fixed in 10% formalin. Then the samples were examined histopathologically and finally the obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results: The results obtained in the present study indicated that the new hemostat sponge had no side effects and negative effects in any of the examined samples and had good biocompatibility. In addition, it was completely absorbed during the 14 days of the study. Conclusion: According to the characteristics of biocompatibility and biodegradability, the new sponge can be used to control bleeding during surgery.