Effect of type 2 diabetic serum total free fatty acids on lipid composition of human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Considering the different pattern of serum fatty acids in type 2 diabetic patients and also regarding the role of fatty acids in the differentiation behavior of stem cells, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of total free fatty acids in type 2 diabetes on lipid composition and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells Derived from human adipose tissue (AdMSCs) to Primordial germ cell-like Cells (PGCs) in vitro. Methods 7 Women patients with type 2 diabetes and 10 non-diabetic women were selected as a control group in the age range of 18 to 40 years according to standard criteria by an endocrinologist. After taking samples from these people in fasting condition, their blood serum was isolated. Then, pooled whole serum was obtained by mixing equal amount of individuals serum. The prepared total sera were added to the culture medium of mesenchymal stem cells and after a specified period of time, the effect of free fatty acids of type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic serum on the rate of cell proliferation, the composition of lipid droplets (pattern of fatty acids), the amount of lipid droplets and expression of the Stella and Blimp1 genes were compared in the 2 mentioned groups.

Results The viability of mesenchymal stem cells and primordial germ cell-like cells significantly reduced in the treatment with free fatty acids. Regardless of whether free fatty acids are derived from diabetic or non-diabetic patients (In all cases, p<0.0001). The expression of specific markers Stella and Blimp1 was decreased in cells treated with diabetic free fatty acids compared to cells treated with non-diabetic free fatty acids (p<0.0001 and p=0.001 in diabetic and non-diabetic cases, respectively). The amount of lipid droplets in cells treated with diabetic free fatty acids was increased compared to cells treated with non-diabetic free fatty acids as well as the control group (p=0/02). We saw a decrease in linoleic acid in the phospholipid fraction in cells treated with diabetic serum compared to non-diabetic ones. While for other fatty acids, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. In the triglyceride fraction, the amount of myristic acid and stearic acid in the non-diabetic group was significantly higher compared to the diabetic group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively).