The effect of periferal and centrally administered silymarin on hyoscine-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress parameters by using passive avoidance test in male rats

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is accompanied by profound disorders of memory and cognitive functions, so that reduction of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, suppression of cell apoptosis and changes in estrogen receptors are the mechanisms responsible for neuroprotection by silymarin.Objective: In this study, the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of peripheral and central silymarin on hyoscine-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress parameters using the passive avoidance test method.Methods :Intraperitoneal injection of hyoscine with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg was used to create Alzheimer's model. To investigate the effect of silymarin on memory impairment caused by hyoscine, silymarin was injected in three doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg per kg and in one group with a dose of 100 µg per rat by i.c.v method for 5 days along with hyoscine. In order to check learning and memory, the shuttle box was used as a passive prevention method. After completing the behavioral studies, to check the parameters of oxidative stress (MDA and TAS), blood was taken from the heart of the animals.Result:Administration of silymarin in doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg as i.p. and at a dose of 100 µg i.c.v significantly increased the time the rats entered the dark compartment of the shuttle box and it improved memory impairment. The serum level of two parameters, MDA and TAC, in the silymarin i.c.v group significantly is decreased and increased, respectively. Conclusion:The data obtained from the passive avoidance test in the shuttle box device in the animals of the groups treated with hyoscine showed that the consumption of silymarin significantly improves memory and learning parameters in male rats.