Investigating the relationship between human papilloma virus and herpes simplex virus with periodontitis in patients referred to the periodontics department of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 1402

Abstract

The pathogenesis and some features of periodontitis cannot be fully explained by bacterial etiology alone. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are commonly found in anogenital mucosa and oral mucosa, and periodontal tissues may act as a reservoir for herpes simplex virus (HSV).In this study, it was assumed that HPV and HSV viruses may play a role in periodontal destruction and as a result of periodontitis, and periodontal tissue acts as a reservoir for viruses. In this study, the prevalence of HPV and HSV in the gingival tissue as well as in the gingival crevice fluid of patients referred to the periodontics department of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 1402 was investigated. Methods: In this case-control study, 30 samples of gingival tissue and gingival crevice fluid of people with periodontitis and 30 samples of gingival tissue and gingival crevice fluid of people without periodontitis were examined. Total DNA was extracted and the presence of HPV DNA and HSV DNA was assessed using polymerase chain reaction. Chi-square test was used to calculate odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results: 16.7% HPV DNA was detected in the case group and 3.3% in the control group, and 23.3% HSV DNA was detected in the case group and 6.7% in the control group. Also, HPV DNA was not detected in the gingival crevice fluid samples of subjects in the case group and in the control group, but HSV DNA was detected in 10% in the case group and 6.7% in the control group. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that HPV can be detected in the gingival tissue sample and HSV can be detected in the gingival groove fluid and periodontal tissue samples, while there is not necessarily a direct relationship between viral DNA detection and periodontal disease. Our results show that indeed the gingival crevicular fluid cannot act as an HPV reservoir. However, no significant value was obtained in the comparison between healthy and diseased periodontium, which could be attributed to the small sample size. Therefore, more studies should be done in this direction with a larger sample size to prove the role of HPV and HSV and its relationship with periodontal disease