Frequency of urological complications in kidney transplant recipients of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz during 2018-2022

Abstract

Kidney transplantation in ESRD and CKD patients is one of the main and selective treatment methods. On the other hand, every surgery has complications and problems, which are caused by many factors. Considering this, our province is the main center of kidney transplantation in the northwest of Iran and there is no similar study in this region, the purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of urological complications in kidney transplant recipients of Imam Reza Tabriz Hospital in the last 5 years in order to be able to Think of the necessary measures to prevent their occurrence. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all cadaver transplant recipient patients(n=94) who received 2023 transplants during the last 5 years were included in the study. Using the patients' files, a compilation form was entered to collect data from the records of transplanted patients and providers of all completions and tests and follow-ups of the patients recorded in the file. Required information includes height, weight, BMI, age of donor and recipient, sex of donor and recipient, blood group and RH of donor and recipient, primary kidney disease, presence of comorbidities in the recipient, surgical technique, duration of dialysis, transplant year, transplant survival time. The patient's survival time, complications (surgery and others) were. Complications investigated include ureteral stenosis, kidney stones, lymphocele, kidney dysfunction, urinary tract infection, fistula, urinary retention, need for nephrostomy, need for surgical correction. Results: Among the 94 patients analyzed in this study, 19 experienced complications. In simpler terms, the prevalence of urological complications in this study was 20.21%. Individuals aged over 55 years face a 2.29 times higher risk, males have a 1.96 times higher risk, a high ASA class is associated with a 14.37 times higher risk, high blood pressure increases the risk by 5.24 times, and diabetes mellitus raises the risk by 8.14 times. These factors contribute to an elevated risk of urological complications following kidney transplantation.