Evaluation of the performance of optical nanosensor for detection and measurement of the biogenic amines of putrescine and cadaverine in Cyprinus carpio

Abstract

Evaluation of the performance of optical nanosensor for detection and measurement of the biogenic amines of putrescine and cadaverine in Cyprinus carpio Hossein Ahangari, Hamed Hamishekar, Balal Khalilzadeh, Tsuyoshi Minami, Ali Ehsani Abstarct Background: Putrescine and cadaverine are of most important microbial metabolites that are used as an indicator of food freshness, and recent studies have revealed their role in the occurrence of food poisoning symptoms. The standard methods of measuring these microbial metabolites are based on chromatography. In addition, various nanosensors have been investigated in the identification of biogenic amines with higher accuracy and comparable speed to standard methods. Purpose: In this study, the efficiency of the colorimetric nanosensor based on synthesized gold nanoparticles and coated by glutaraldehyde was evaluated in the detection of putrescine and cadaverine in carp samples to evaluate the ability of this nanosensor to replace or development of standard techniques. Methods: Gold nanoparticles were used for the first time by the method developed in this study and using glutaraldehyde as a reducing and coating agent for the synthesis of the nanosensor in evaluation of putrescine and cadaverine. The characteristics of gold nanoparticles were evaluated by SEM, TEM, DLS, FTIR and the level of putrescine and cadaverine in fish samples were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Results and Discussion: Stable gold nanoparticles with zeta potential and average nanoparticle size of -31.2±2.3 mV and 5.7±0.5 nm were successfully synthesized at room temperature without the need for special conditions and materials of previous studies. This nanosensor detected the putrescine and cadaverine with a detection limit of 0.12 ppm and a linear range of 0.5-3.5 ppm and showed practical results in evaluating the biogenic amines in food samples. The obtained results show the capacity of the nanosensor as an alternative to expensive methods that can be developed in the form of paper based test strips based on color change in monitoring of food freshnes. The results obtained from the nanosensor indicate its appropriate capacity as a method in replacing or development of standard methods for biogenic amines measurment. This nanosensor can be developed in the form of test strips based on color change in freshness monitoring of the food samples. Keywords: Biogenic Amines; Gold Nanoparticles; Nanosensor; Glutaraldehyde; Colorimetric detection