Evaluation of concurrent administration of "Empagliflozin" and Doxorubicin on the tumor size reduction and cardiac and pulmonary histopathologic damages in cancerous mice induced by 4T1 cell line

Abstract

In the recent years many in vitro studies have investigated the anti-cancer effects of empagliflozin as well as its cardiac protective effects. It has been shown that the drug Empagliflozin when administered simultaneously with doxorubicin can significantly reduce the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin. Purpose: To investigate the effect of empagliflozin and doxorubicin on the size of mammary tumors and on cardiac tissue as well as metastasis to the lung in female Balb/c mice.Methods: In this study, tumor induction was carried out in 24 female Balb mice by 4T1 cell line in the breast tissue. Moreover empagliflozin and doxorubicin injected and taken orally during a 10-day treatment period. At the end of this period, the effect of empagliflozin drug administration on changing the volume of mammary tumors as well as the histopathological changes of the heart and lungs was investigated. Also the effects of empagliflozin on blood creatine kinase was investigated.Results: The laboratory findings included checking the level of creatine kinase CK in 4 treatment groups, and no significant changes were observed between these 4 groups. In measuring changes in the volume of breast tumors, significant changes were observed between treatment groups (p value = 0.01). In the histopathological examinations of lung and heart tissues, the effects of empagliflozin on heart damage caused by doxorubicin were not observed during the 10-day treatment period. Conclusion: The current study showed that empagliflozin can reduce the tumor growth rate. However, the level of creatine kinase and histopathological examinations in the treatment groups were not significant in the ten-day period. This study can be the foundation for future animal and clinical studies on the heart protection and anticancer effects of empagliflozin.