Evaluation of short-term prognosis of two methods of brain protection, antegrade and retrograde, in aortic dissection surgery

Abstract

Aortic dissection is caused by the rupture of the aortic intima and the penetration of blood into the media and the creation of a true and false lumen, or due to the rupture of the Vaso Vasorum and bleeding in the aortic wall. This disease is not common, its incidence is 5-30 per million people per year. In all patients, hypothermia is performed to protect the brain during surgery, and based on the physicians's experience, antegrade and retrograde protection is used in some patients. Method: In this cross-sectional study that was conducted from 2019 to 2021 at Shahid Madani Hospital, all patients who underwent acute aortic dissection surgery at Shahid Madani Hospital at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and their files were available, were included in the study. Results: In this study, a total of 137 aortic dissection patients were examined. The average age of the patients in this study was 53.90 ± 15.3. Eighty-six patients (62.8%) were male and fifty-one patients (37.2%) were female. Also, the analysis conducted to investigate the relationship between risk factors and death related to surgery showed that people with older age, high PRBC injection rate, and higher platelet injection rate were more likely to die. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups of patients (antegrade and retrograde).