Evaluating the effect of melatonin and nicotinamide mononucleotide combination therapy on myocardial arrhythmias, nitric oxide levels, and inflammatory biomarkers in aged rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Abstract

One of the main causes of death and disability worldwide is acute myocardial infarction (MI) and subsequent heart failure. Timely re-establishment of blood supply by intravascular intervention or surgery is the most effective method to reduce the amount of ischemic damage. Despite significant progress in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of Micard ischemia, there are still uncertainties in this topic. There is strong evidence that oxidative stress is involved in IR damage in cardiovascular diseases. To reduce the possible effects of reperfusion on myocardial tissue, a hypothesis based on the use of melatonin and nicotinamide supplements to affect oxidative pathways can be used. Research materials and methods: 30 male Wistar rats (22-24 months old) were used in this research. Cardiac IR injury and/or NMN and melatonin, alone or in combination, were administered to aged rats in five groups. The groups of old rats are randomly divided into one of 5 groups: 1) sham (without IR) 2 induced IR 3-4 and 5) single or double combined treatment with nicotinamide and melatonin. In this study, reperfusion induction was used in vivo in aged rats, followed by digital recording for myocardial arrhythmias. Results: In the present study, 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (sham (without IR), induced IR, single or double combined treatment with nicotinamide and melatonin): prevalence of PVC, VT, and VF arrhythmias in the combined treatment group compared to I/R induction group was also lower than individual treatment with nicotinamide or melatonin. Also, the level of LDH, MPO and CRP was significantly lower than the induction group and individual treatment, and the level of nitric oxide was the highest.