Evaluting the prevalence of organism causing sepsis and their pattern of antibiotic resistance in NICU and PICU wards of pediatric hospital: a retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: Today, despite the emergence of newer antimicrobial agents, sepsis is still an important cause of death and illness in infants and children. Sepsis can cause an increase in pathogenicity, imposing exorbitant costs on the health system. In this sense, it is very important in clinical studies.Goal: Examining the frequency of sepsis-causing pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns in NICU and PICU departments in children's hospitalsKeywords: neonate, Sepsis, resistance, antibiotic, bacteria. Materials and methods:In this project, all patients hospitalized in PICU and NICU were examined retrospectively during 2 years. Through reviewing the patients' hospital records and HIS, the drugs used, the amount of antibiotics used and the duration of their use were recorded and reported. The degree of involvement with organisms, the difference in the final result of hospitalization in patients with positive culture with resistant organisms and patients without positive culture with resistant organisms were reported. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square statistical test and logistic regression. Results:The results indicated an increase in Gram-negative bacteria in the development of sepsis in the NICU (89.84%), the most common bacteria in this regard is Acinetobacter baumannii. The highest resistance to gentamicin and the lowest resistance to colistin were observed. Gram-negative bacteria were also the main cause of sepsis in PICU (92.5%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common organism isolated in this section. The highest resistance is against amikacin and the lowest resistance is against ampicillin.Discussion and conclusion:Gram-negative bacteria resistance is increasing in NICU and PICU departments. With the rational prescription of antibiotics, in accordance with the results of the antibiogram, they can be effective in reducing mortality and preventing the increase of resistance to antibiotics