Evaluation of the relationship between types of brain trauma injuries and determining factors in patient's prognosis

Abstract

Reverse shock index (rSI), the ratio of systolic blood pressure (SBP) to heart rate (HR), is used to identify the prognosis in trauma patients. Glasgow Coma Scale (rSIG) can possibly better predict mortality in multitrauma patients with brain injury. However, rSIG has never been used to assess mortality risk in severe adult trauma patients in the emergency department (ED). This prospective case-control study selected patients with head trauma who referred to the emergency department of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz. Demographic data, vital signs, injury mechanisms, laboratory data, and outcomes were included for analysis. Logistic regression and receptor factor characteristic analysis were used to assess the accuracy of rSIG score in predicting in-hospital mortality.

Objectives: Evaluation of the relationship between types of brain trauma injuries and determining factors in patient's prognosis Method and materials: This study was conducted over a period of 6 months. The sample size was randomly selected from 180 working days. The study sample was patients with a variety of traumatic brain injuries who did not have any visceral injuries and general vascular surgery problems. Patients also had no problems with fractures or orthopedic problems. Therefore, patients were selected after discharge from surgical and orthopedic services and those who were admitted to the trauma ward. Based on similar research and based on the percentage of head trauma cases referred to the Imam Reza Emergency Department in Tabriz, and based on the Cochran's formula, the sample size was at least 132 people. Results: In this study, 215 patients were included, of which 153 (71.2%) were male and 62 (28.8%) were female. In our study, there was a correlation between the severity of brain trauma injury and blood sugar levels, serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, and the shock index and rSIG and MSIG criteria. There was also a significant relationship between SPO2 level and mortality rate and shock index and rSIG and MSIG criteria (p<0.001).