Effect of oleuropein on the expression of mir-149-3p, mir-375, and mir-574-5p on HL-60 and THP-1 cell line treated with Azacitidine

Abstract

The most common form of acute leukemia among adults is acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which accounts for 80 percent of cases. The essential role of miRNAs in the development of AML has been shown in several studies, and new perspectives have opened for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of AML. Using natural agents to modulate miRNAs for cancer control is a promising approach. Natural polyphenols, such as oleuropein, possess potential anti-neoplastic properties in various cancer types, including AML. We investigated the therapeutic effects of oleuropein and azacitidine on AML cells by modulating mir-149-3p, mir-375, and mir-574-5p. Method: Human leukemia cells (THP-1 and HL-60) were categorized into four groups: Control (THP-1 and HL-60 cells not treated), Oleuropein-treated THP-1 and HL-60 cells, Azacitidine-treated THP-1, and HL-60 cells, and THP-1 and HL-60 cells with a combination of these treatments. The MTT method was used to measure cell proliferation and IC50 determination, flow cytometry for apoptosis, RT-PCR for detection of mir-149-3p, mir-375, and mir-574-5p. Results: Apoptosis rate and expression of mir-149-3p and mir-375 as two tumor suppressors were increased in cells treated with oleuropein and azacitidine and their combination compared to untreated cells. Compared to untreated cells, oleuropein and azacitidine significantly reduced the expression of mir-574-5p as an onco-Mir in a dose and time-dependent manner.