Comparative efficacy of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCs) with and without vitamin D on ovulatory dysfunctional (AUB-O) in reproductive age

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Reducing the quality of women’s lives considerably, menstrual disorders are extremely prevalent. According to the research literature, metabolism and food intake might play central roles in causing and treating menstrual disorders. This study aims to compare the effect of combination of vitamin D and combined oral contraceptive compared to combined oral contraceptive alone on women of reproductive age with abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O).Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this experimental included 60 women of reproductive age (18–45 years old) visiting the Gynecology Clinic of Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin. Sampling was done by the available method. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups receiving LD and LD-vitamin D. For three months after admission, the participants in the intervention group took one oral LD capsule (30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms levonorgestol) or received a combination of vitamin D (1000 units cholecalciferol) and an LD capsule on a daily basis. The menstrual bleeding volume, the number of menstrual days, and the menstrual cycle length were evaluated both before and after the intervention. The Mann–Whitney U test, Friedman test, independent t-test, Cochran’s Q test were conducted in SPSS 24 for data analysis.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups in terms of intake of foods containing vitamin D and personal-social characteristics, except for spouse's education. The menstrual bleeding intensity decreased significant in the group that received oral LD capsules and vitamin D (P= 0.001); however, no significant differences were observed in the group that received only oral LD capsules (P= 0.367). The bleeding period were made significantly natural in both groups over time with no significant differences (P< 0.001) and also the menstrual cycle length were made significantly natural in both intervention groups) LD –vitamin D and LD alone) over time with no significant differences(P= 0.002) (P<0.001). However, these two parameters remained more natural in the group that received oral LD capsules with vitamin D, a finding which did not indicate any significant differences (P= 0. 667) (P=0. 754).Conclusion: According to the results, vitamin D was effective in alleviating menstrual bleeding but was not effective in making the menstrual cycle length and the bleeding period normal. Therefore, vitamin D can be used along with LD pills as a supplementary treatment to lessen menstrual bleeding