Callus culture and nanoliposomal encapsulation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) extract and clinical study of anti-aging effect

Abstract

Introduction: Photo-aging is a term used for the characteristic changes in skin induced by chronic UV-exposure. UV-irradiation produces free radicals which in turn causes skin disorders such as photo-aging. Antioxidants act by reducing free radicals to less reactive molecules, thus reducing oxidative damage to critical cellular constituents thus antioxidants are attractive candidates for prevention of photo-aging. Wheat grain contains phenolic compounds it has been shown to possess antioxidant activity and treating skin aging and wrinkles. It increases the synthesis of collagen fibers in dermis and increases skin elasticity.Liposomes were developed as a novel lipid carriers composed of ethanol, phospholipids, and water to improve the skin delivery of various drugs. Aim: The present study aimed to develop wheat callus extract Nano-liposomes for enhanced dermal delivery in comparison with blank Nano-liposomes. Method: Nano-liposomes were prepared by a solvent injection method under homogenization, and characterized for size, Polydispersity Index (PI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (%EE), loading capacity (%LC) and surface morphology. The in-vivo experiments on 20 women volunteers was conducted the drug on the right side of the face around the right eye and the placebo on the other side of the face symmetrically, and the effect of the drug and the placebo on reducing wrinkles around the eyes was compared.Results: The developed Nano-liposomes showed proper characteristics for dermal delivery of wheat callus extract such as mean particle sizes around 120nm and EE and LC values of %91.81 and %18.36 respectively. In-vivo studies in human showed the superiority against the controls in the collagen generation in the skin and skin surface smoothness.Conclusion: It was concluded that the wheat callus extract-loaded Nano-liposome formulation can be introduced for topical administration of wheat callus extract in the prevention or treatment of photo-aging.