Evaluation of the role of healthy mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells from leukemic patients on the differentiation pattern of pre-stimulated Th lymphocytes to Treg

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to isolate and culture mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow of patients with leukemia and healthy mesenchymal stem cells and cu-culture them with pre-stimulated PBMC isolated from the peripheral blood of a healthy person and compare the percentage The differentiation of CD4 + T lymphocytes was towards Treg cells. Methods: Healthy mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow mononuclear stem cells isolated from leukemia individuals were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS. Flow cytometric evaluation was performed to confirm the mesenchymal nature. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy individuals. Mononuclear cells were cultured in the presence of phytohemagglutinin before culturing with mesenchymal stem cells. Then, after simultaneous culture of healthy mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the bone marrow of a patient with leukemia with pre-stimulated PBMCs, the percentage of differentiation of CD4 + T lymphocytes to Treg was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: Mesenchymal stem cells from leukemia patients were similar in appearance to healthy mesenchymal stem cells. However, mesenchymal stem cells from leukemia patients had slower adhesion and proliferation than healthy mesenchymal stem cells. We have shown that healthy mesenchymal stem cells increase the differentiation of Treg cells from CD4 + T cells when co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The data also showed that mesenchymal stem cells from leukemia patients increased the differentiation of Treg cells from CD4 + T cells while co-culturing with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. By comparing healthy mesenchymal stem cells with leukemia mesenchymal stem cells, we showed that leukemia mesenchymal stem cells produce more Treg cells than CD4 + T cells and thus suppress the immune system against leukemic cells.