Evaluation of the effectiveness of parent management training on dental plaque index in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that pharmacotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination of the two are used to treat it. Most medications used to treat ADHD have direct or indirect effects on the mouth. Although pharmacotherapy helps to improve the performance of ADHD children, it has a limited effect on controlling some behaviors such as confrontational behaviors and stubbornness. Therefore, other treatment methods such as parent training, cognitive behavioral therapy and behavior modification methods have been considered. Parental Management Training (PMT) is a technique to treat children's self-injurious behaviors with behavior change training Method and Materials: In this study, 36 patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) aged 6 to 12 who were being treated with methylphenidate (rubifen) for about 2 months at a dose of 0.5 to 1 mg / kg due to diagnosis of child and adolescent psychiatrist by convenient sampling method were selected and divided into case and control groups using the stratified randomization method. Initially, individuals in both groups were examined by a dentist and dental plaque index (PI) was measured using disclosing solution and recorded. Then the parents of the case group participated in 8 PMT sessions focused on training of children's oral health control also the children who were in the case group were taught the rolling brushing technique and the correct use of dental floss . The control group were given the usual health training such as rolling brushing technique and the correct use of dental floss in one session, and one month after the sessions, the individuals of both groups were examined again by the same dentist and their dental plaque index was evaluated. Paired t-Test was used to compare the PI in the control and case groups before and after the study. In order to compare the PI between the case and control groups, analysis of covariance was used. SPSS software version 17 was used to analyze the data.Results: The results of this study showed that, there was a significant difference in the mean ± SD of dental plaque index after health education and before health education in the control group. In the case group, there was a significant difference in the mean ± SD of the plaque index after the intervention than before the intervention. In the comparison of the dental plaque index between the two control and case groups, the mean ± SD of the plaque index in the case group was lower than the control group after the study was completed, by controlling the amount of plaque before the study, the difference in the average plaque index between the two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: According to the results, dental plaque index in children whose parents participated in PMT sessions decreased more than children who only received health education. Therefore, it is considered a more effective method and this method can be used to improve oral and dental health in this group of children