Evaluation of the stability of gelatin-curcumin nanocomposite coating on titanium healing abutments

Abstract

Introduction Considering the importance of the prevention of pre-implantitis in dental implants, this study was conducted with the aim of covering the healing abutments with antimicrobial gelatin-curcumin nanocomposites and evaluating the stability of this antimicrobial material in the healing abutment areas. Materials and methods In a laboratory study, 16 samples were studied. Titanium healing abutments were coated with gelatin-curcumin nanocomposite. The dip coating method was used for covering. The coated samples were evaluated for stability in SBF solution 1, 30, and 60 days after coating. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the microstructure and morphology of the coatings and X-rays(Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDAX)) were used to determine the composition of the coatings.Also, weighing of the healings before and after coating was carried out with the help of a precise digital scale with a precision of 0.0001. Finally, the data was analyzed using SPSS 26 software. For comparing the changes in the weight of the samples as time passes, the repeated measures ANOVA test was used. Post-hoc tests were used for paired comparisons. Results Based on the results of the electron microscope about the morphology of the surface of the uncoated healing abutments, the resultant images showed a relatively smooth surface with normal surface irregularities. In the matter of the surface of the coated healing abutment,(1, 30, and 60 days) the images showed successful nanocomposite coating in the body of the healing abutment area. The EDAX analysis showed in both qualitative and quantitative manners that all of the elements of curcumin, gelatin, and healing abutment were observed in qualitative spectrums and quantitative results. Significant differences in weight for noncoated healing compared with all of the groups (immediately after coating, 1, 30, and 60 days after coating) were observed. The significant increase in the weight of the healing showed successful coating of the healings with gelatin-curcumin nanocomposites. The results of the post-hoc tests showed that there was a significant difference in weightbetween3 groups (immediately after coating, 1, and 30 after coating) compared with 60 days after the coating group. There was no significant difference between other groups. These results show that the nanocomposite coating of the healings is at least stable for up to 30 days. Conclusion The results showed that the coating of curcumin-gelatin nanocomposite on healing was successful and it lasted for at least a month. This study was a basic study for coating and evaluating the stability of the coating, and it is necessary to carry out further evaluations in different physicochemical, mechanical, and antimicrobial fields.