The effect of Artemisinin loaded in nanofiber scaffold on osteoblastic differentiation of adipose derived stem cell

Abstract

Artemisinin as a drug that re-crystallizes very fast could promote osteoblast differentiation through WNT/β-catenin and ERK1/2 pathways. Nanofiber-based scaffolds could provide a better drug delivery platform for biomaterials as well as create an ECM like environment. The purpose of the present study is to assess the effect of artemisinin loaded in pcl-collagen nanofiber on the osteoblast differentiation of the ADSCs. Material and Method: For this purpose, Artimisinin-loaded PCL-Collagen nanofibers were successfully fabricated via electrospinning technique and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Universe Testing Machine(UTM). The release profile of drug from the drug-loading nanofibers was studied by incubating nanofiber in the release media. Colorimetric MTT metabolic activity assay was used to determine the Artemisinin-loading nanofibers cytotoxicity on ADSCs. Finally, the osteoblast differentiation of ADSCs on Artemisinin-loaded nanofiberous scaffolds was assessed via Alizarin Red Staining, ALP activity and RunX2, BMP2, Col-I, Osteonectin and OSX mRNA expression levels via Real-time PCR technique. Result: Microscopic studies indicated the loading of Artemisinin into the PCL-Collagen nanofiber, successfully. MTT assay confirmed that Artemisinin-loaded PCL-Collagen nanofiber enhanced metabolic activity in ADSCs. Calcium deposition and ALP activity were associated with the real-time PCR technique's data. This finding revealed the improved differentiation rate of ADSCs cultured on PCL/Col/ART (5%) NFs after 21 days of incubation.