Evaluation of the effects of Gonadotropins on the folliculogenesis process in polycystic ovarian female rat models

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a prevalent disease among fertile women which causes infertility. Different factors are contributed to creating this disease including environmental, genetics, and hormonal imbalance. Its treatment is divided into two sections of symptoms and infertility treatment. Utilizing low levels of Gonadotropins is one of the treatments for the patients. Even though using clomiphene citrate is quite common foe curing polycystic ovarian syndrome, it should be mentioned that some of the patients are compliant for using it. Therefore, using low levels of Gonadotropins is the Second Line for fertilizing these patients.

Method and materials In this method, by using estradiol valerat (40 mg) within a 60 day-period, polycystic ovarian syndrome was induced. Then, after getting assured from induction, mature female rats were distributed in 6 groups by vaginal esmear, those which did not have regular cycle were removed from the study. In estrus phase, the rats were exposed to hormonal treatment and afterwards were anesthetized by ketamine and zailasin. One of the ovaries was investigated for histology and the other for illustrating the contributing gens in folliculogenesis.

Findings There was a significant difference of serum estrogen between the HMG group and PCOS group. Difference of FSH between the control group and PCOS group was a significant and it was lower in PCOS group comparing to the other ones. In Analyzing serum testostrone, a significant difference was found between control group and pcos group. The amount of prolactin in PCOS was significantly different with control group. The rate of BMP15 gene expression was different between PCOS and control group. Between HMG group and control, as well, the difference was significant. The expression level of 9GDF in the treatment groups compared to the control group was significantly different between the HCG group and the control group and the expression level of this gene in the HCG group was higher than the control group. ADAMTS-1 gene expression was higher in HCG group than control group. There was a significant difference in AMHR expression between PCOS and control groups. The number of secondary follicles per unit area was higher in PCOS group than other groups and the lowest mean of secondary follicles was observed in FSH group and no follicular graph was observed in PCOS control group.