Evaluation of Phytochemical study and biological activity of the Lallemantia iberica

Abstract

Introduction Plants of genus Lallemantia have been used in different cultures as traditional medicines. Scope: Due to the importance of medicinal properties of genus Lallemantia and very limited studies on the phytochemistry of Lallemantia iberica seed, this plant was selected for phytochemical analysis along with evaluation of its antioxidant activity, total phenol and flavonoid contant. Methods and materials: The seeds of Lallemantia iberica were extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol, respectively, and then dried by rotary evaporator. The methanolic extract was fractionated by various chromatographic methods (Decantation with non-miscible solvents, PTLC) and finally a pure substance was identified by NMR. Fatty acid content of N-hexan extract of aerial part was analyzed by GC-MS analysis as well. Furthermore, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of N-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of methanolic extract were evaluated. Results: A Phenolic glycoside compound was identified from the N-butanol fraction of the methanolic extract of this plant. Fatty acid content of n-Hexan extract identified 25 compounds. Linolenic acid methyl ester and Palmitic acid were the main compounds of Fatty acid content. In DPPH test, N-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of methanolic extract showed IC50, 535.358±0.22, 201.578±0.1 and 2147.25±0.11 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Curcurbitoside D was identified as phenolic compound of N-butanol extract of this plant . Among the extracts, ethylacetate extract demonstrated high antioxidant activity. Linolenic acid methyl ester was the main constituent of the fatty acid content of this plant.